What Trigger Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)? Causes And Symptoms

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What Trigger Allergic Rhinitis?

Allergic rhinitis is associated with inflammation of the nose lining and paranasal sinuses.

 This can cause sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, runny nose and penetration of mucus (secretion) in the back of the throat. Sometimes rhinitis can be caused by respiratory tract infections (viruses, colds).

Risk groups

The risk of developing allergic rhinitis is much larger in people who suffer from asthma or those with a family history. Allergic rhinitis can developed at any age, although most people develop it in childhood or youth years.

Approximately 20% of the world's population suffer from allergic rhinitis.

Causes of allergic rhinitis

It is caused by tiny substances called allergens, that trigger allergic reactions. They can provoke different responses in individual patients - asthma (lungs), allergic conjunctivitis (skin), etc.

This allergic reaction is obtained in response to the activation of two types of inflammatory cells-fatty and basophils ones. They cause congestion in the nose, sneezing, itching and runny nose.

Kinds of allergic rhinitis

Seasonal – it appears during specific season (related to pollen, grasses and weeds).

Year-round - provoked by mites, cockroaches, spores from fungi and molds, dust. This type of rhinitis is usually treated much more difficult.

Symptoms

Although rhinitis is often associated with problems in the nose, the vast majority of patients have complained of itching and leakage of viscous secretion of the eyes, flowing a colorless liquid at the back of the throat (continuously formed sputum) and problems ears (feeling constantly clogged).

Here is the entire spectrum of symptoms:

nose - leakage of watery substance from nose, blocked nasal passages and paranasal sinuses, sneezing and itchy eyes (feeling mist to the eyes), internal itch in ears and nose, facial pressure in the forehead / sinus ( especially when changing air pressure and  weather).

eyes - itching, redness, feeling that there is grit in them, slightly bluish skin under the eyes.

throat and ears - sore throat and ears, tingling and itching in the ears, hoarseness

sleep - with frequent waking during the night, breathing through the mouth, feeling fatigue during the day, reluctance to work

Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis

Your doctor will ask questions about:

• time / season and the day of its appearance
• whether, it occurs throughout the year
• is there a family member who has rhinitis
• do you use drugs that can provoke symptoms of rhinitis
• do you have pets
• how often wipe the dust at home

Your doctor may start skin test to detect common allergens.