Types Оf Еczema. Dermatitis.Causes And Risk Factors.Treatment.

Types Оf Еczema. Dermatitis.
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Eczema is a general term for dermatitis, related to inflammation, swelling and itching of the skin. It is not contagious, but creates discomfort and inconvenience.

Dermatitis signs and symptoms

There are several types of dermatitis, characterized by the following signs and symptoms:

• redness and swelling
• itching and skin lesions

Types of dermatitis

1. contact
2. neurodermatitis
3. seborrheic
4. stasis
5. atopic
6. perioral

1.Contact dermatitis

The condition is characterized by direct contact with one or more irritants, and allergens. The irritants can include:

toilet soaps, skin soaps, synthetic detergents

Possible allergens could be:

• rubber, metals (nickel), jewelry
• perfumes and fragrances, cosmetics and antibiotic creams
• Weeds (ivy)

Some  allergens may cause dermatitis for shorter period, unlike some other irritants. Once you have developed sensitivity to given allergen, it can remain during your whole life.

2.Neuro dermatitis.

It is characterized by intense itching in certain areas of the body, ankles, wrists, forearms, back, neck. It affects children and adults and looks like eczema. Possible factors that trigger it are:

• a chronic inflammation
• eczema
• dry skin
• synthetic clothes
• exhaust gases
• insect bites

3. Seborrheic dermatitis. 

This condition is characterized by redness on the scalp (sometimes face) around the eyes and nose. Yellowish flakes are formed. This type of dermatitis often occurs in people with oily hair and skin, and may be seasonal. Factors that trigger it:

• stress
• neurological disorders

Seborrheic  dermatitis is not contagious or related to diet, but could be worsen by stress, fatigue, excessive drinking, neurological disease (Parkinson's) change of seasons, or general health problems.

So, well known dandruff is inflamed form of seborrheic dermatitis. Seborrheic dermatitis can occur at any age after puberty. The disease varies in severity and duration, and may be a "harbinger" of psoriasis.

Psoriatic plaques are thicker, redder and larger. It often affects the elbows, knees and scalp. Sometimes it is very difficult to make a precise distinction between seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis, because there are cases, where they overlap. It can be made by doctor-dermatologist.

Seborrheic dermatitis in infants

It occurs in infants aged of 6 months and can affect skin - armpits, groin etc.Pink flakes can still occur on face, body and limbs. Fortunately, it goes away quickly and rarely lasts until the age of 1. 

4. Stasis dermatitis.

It occurs when there is an accumulation of fluid in tissues under skin (usually in lower part of legs). This happens because blood moves sluggishly from  leg veins back to the heart. This additional fluid impede blood (to nourish the skin), putting additional pressure on the skin.

Possible risk factors include:

• varicose veins
• obesity
• chronic or recurrent infections that affect blood circulation in the feet (eg pregnancy or thrombosis)

5. Atopic dermatitis

This type of dermatitis is associated with allergy and affects family members who have some eczema, asthma or hay fever. Starting at an early age, it can be with variable intensity during adolescence. In adulthood it decreases (unless you are exposed to allergens).

Causes:

The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it is presumed to be due to a combination of dry and sensitive skin, a weak immune system. More risk factors:

• dry and sensitive skin
• genetic predisposition
• stress

Treatment of atopic dermatitis

To reduce itching and soothe inflamed skin, try a few simple things:

1.Try to find out what is worsening your condition. For example, rapid changes in temperature, sweating or stress are among the risk factors.

2.Avoid direct contact with wool products (carpets, bedding, clothing), as harsh soaps and detergents.

3.Avoid scratching, apply cold wet compresses.

4.Moisturize skin and apply lotions and creams while the skin is damp.

5.Buy a humidifier, it will improve your condition.

6. Perioral dermatitis

This type is associated with a form of skin disorder known as rosacea, acne (in adults) or seborrheic dermatitis. It can be affected  the skin around the mouth and nose. Possible risk factors include:

• makeup
• humidifiers
• local corticosteroids
• complications of dermatitis
• infection

Sores and fissures that appear on the skin during the dermatitis may be contaminated with bacteria (staphylococcus), viruses and fungi.

Cellulite

Thin red stripes on the skin appear when it is swollen and tender to touch. Cellulite affects most people with weakened immune systems.

Scarring and changes in skin color are other possible complications.